Good evening future chemists!
I just wanted to share one of my older texts today. I'll try to have time to write something new as soon as possible to you! I'm in the mood for some math again, and for a redox reaction. Will be back pretty soon!
Klor
Chlorine. These molecules are joined in pairs. Chlorine is often used by the cleaning staff. This gas that at first was transported in pressurized form, is easily irritating the lungs and eyes because it is an oxidizing agent. When chlorine is sanitizing a surface, it is breaking down the cell membrane of the microorganisms with oxidation. The most common way to get chlorine is to extract it from salt. This molecule is not flammable, but it can react with some chemicals and then become explosive (or create substances that can become explosive), but that is not occurring very often at all and only chemists have the right equipment to experiment from here.
Chlorine's chemical structure
Chlorine consists of two atoms that are bound together with a covalent bond. Cl2 atoms are pretending that they have 8 valence electrons each. This gas that was produced for the first time during the first half of the 1600s. It’s very oxidizing and germicidal. Originally when you said that something was oxidizing, that meant that a substance reacted with oxygen. Now it means that the oxidizing agent steals valence electrons.
8 NH3 + 3 Cl2 ---> N2 + 6 NH4Cl
In the reaction above ammonia is getting oxidized in a reaction, and chlorine is being reduced. The product is nitrogen gas and ammonium chloride - that occurs as a solid white smog. Later the same smog is being formed to salt, and this sal ammoniac can now be used as a nitrogen supply dur-ing cultivation. In industry it can remove oxide coatings from building materials, or it can be used in medicine.
2K + Cl2 ---> 2KCl
Here we see how potassium chloride is being formed. This potassium salt can be extracted from dried lake deposits, and there are only 20 lakes that are good enough to obtain it from. These lakes have to be over 1 million years old, ancient lakes, like lake Zaysan in Kazakhstan, that is over 65 million years old. One last example reaction is when Cl2 reacts with sulfur dioxide and forms sulfuric acid (used in Mannheim process):
SO2 + Cl2 + H2O ---> HCl + H2SO4 (producing now for industry)
Chlorine and risks
When chlorine meet human tissue, then an acid is made that usually gives a burning sensation and can damage us (it hurts first in the eyes, throat and nose). Coughing, breath shortness and tears, are also first symptoms.
Long-term health problems (from high conce.) are mainly pulmonary edema (accumulating fluid in the lung tissue), they are coughing up frothy sputum and have chest pain. Coughing, vomiting – 30 ppm. Lung damage, 60 ppm.
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